Tuesday, January 10, 2012

Hard Drive Failures- Find Out-Use Portable CrystalDisc






Higher raw value is better
Lower
Lower raw value is better
Critical: red colored row Potential indicators of imminent electromechanical failure
ID Hex Attribute name Better Description
01 0x01 Read Error Rate
Lower
[13]
(Vendor specific raw value.) Stores data related to the rate of hardware read errors that occurred when reading data from a disk surface. The raw value has different structure for different vendors and is often not meaningful as a decimal number.
02 0x02 Throughput Performance
Higher
Overall (general) throughput performance of a hard disk drive. If the value of this attribute is decreasing there is a high probability that there is a problem with the disk.
03 0x03 Spin-Up Time
Lower
Average time of spindle spin up (from zero RPM to fully operational [millisecs]).
04 0x04 Start/Stop Count
A tally of spindle start/stop cycles. The spindle turns on, and hence the count is increased, both when the hard disk is turned on after having before been turned entirely off (disconnected from power source) and when the hard disk returns from having previously been put to sleep mode.[14]
05 0x05 Reallocated Sectors Count
Lower
Count of reallocated sectors. When the hard drive finds a read/write/verification error, it marks that sector as "reallocated" and transfers data to a special reserved area (spare area). This process is also known as remapping, and reallocated sectors are called "remaps". The raw value normally represents a count of the bad sectors that have been found and remapped. Thus, the higher the attribute value, the more sectors the drive has had to reallocate. This allows a drive with bad sectors to continue operation; however, a drive which has had any reallocations at all is significantly more likely to fail in the near future.[2] While primarily used as a metric of the life expectancy of the drive, this number also affects performance. As the count of reallocated sectors increases, the read/write speed tends to become worse because the drive head is forced to seek to the reserved area whenever a remap is accessed. A workaround which will preserve drive speed at the expense of capacity is to create a disk partition over the region which contains remaps and instruct the operating system to not use that partition.
06 0x06 Read Channel Margin
Margin of a channel while reading data. The function of this attribute is not specified.
07 0x07 Seek Error Rate N/A (Vendor specific raw value.) Rate of seek errors of the magnetic heads. If there is a partial failure in the mechanical positioning system, then seek errors will arise. Such a failure may be due to numerous factors, such as damage to a servo, or thermal widening of the hard disk. The raw value has different structure for different vendors and is often not meaningful as a decimal number.
08 0x08 Seek Time Performance
Higher
Average performance of seek operations of the magnetic heads. If this attribute is decreasing, it is a sign of problems in the mechanical subsystem.
09 0x09 Power-On Hours (POH)
Lower
Count of hours in power-on state. The raw value of this attribute shows total count of hours (or minutes, or seconds, depending on manufacturer) in power-on state.[15]
10 0x0A Spin Retry Count
Lower
Count of retry of spin start attempts. This attribute stores a total count of the spin start attempts to reach the fully operational speed (under the condition that the first attempt was unsuccessful). An increase of this attribute value is a sign of problems in the hard disk mechanical subsystem.
11 0x0B Recalibration Retries or Calibration Retry Count
Lower
This attribute indicates the count that recalibration was requested (under the condition that the first attempt was unsuccessful). An increase of this attribute value is a sign of problems in the hard disk mechanical subsystem.
12 0x0C Power Cycle Count
This attribute indicates the count of full hard disk power on/off cycles.
13 0x0D Soft Read Error Rate
Lower
Uncorrected read errors reported to the operating system.
180 0xB4 Unused Reserved Block Count Total
"Pre-Fail" Attribute used at least in HP devices.
183 0xB7 SATA Downshift Error Count
Western Digital and Samsung attribute.
184 0xB8 End-to-End error / IOEDC
Lower
This attribute is a part of Hewlett-Packard's SMART IV technology, as well as part of other vendors' IO Error Detection and Correction schemas, and it contains a count of parity errors which occur in the data path to the media via the drive's cache RAM.[16]
185 0xB9 Head Stability
Western Digital attribute.
186 0xBA Induced Op-Vibration Detection
Western Digital attribute.
187 0xBB Reported Uncorrectable Errors
Lower
The count of errors that could not be recovered using hardware ECC (see attribute 195).
188 0xBC Command Timeout
Lower
The count of aborted operations due to HDD timeout. Normally this attribute value should be equal to zero and if the value is far above zero, then most likely there will be some serious problems with power supply or an oxidized data cable.[17]
189 0xBD High Fly Writes
Lower
HDD producers implement a Fly Height Monitor that attempts to provide additional protections for write operations by detecting when a recording head is flying outside its normal operating range. If an unsafe fly height condition is encountered, the write process is stopped, and the information is rewritten or reallocated to a safe region of the hard drive. This attribute indicates the count of these errors detected over the lifetime of the drive. This feature is implemented in most modern Seagate drives[1] and some of Western Digital’s drives, beginning with the WD Enterprise WDE18300 and WDE9180 Ultra2 SCSI hard drives, and will be included on all future WD Enterprise products.[18]
190 0xBE Airflow Temperature (WDC) resp. Airflow Temperature Celsius (HP)
Lower
Airflow temperature on Western Digital HDs (Same as temp. [C2], but current value is 50 less for some models. Marked as obsolete.)
190 0xBE Temperature Difference from 100
Higher
Value is equal to (100−temp. °C), allowing manufacturer to set a minimum threshold which corresponds to a maximum temperature.
191 0xBF G-sense Error Rate
Lower
The count of errors resulting from externally-induced shock & vibration.
192 0xC0 Power-off Retract Count or Emergency Retract Cycle Count (Fujitsu)[19]
Lower
Count of times the heads are loaded off the media. Heads can be unloaded without actually powering off.[citation needed]
193 0xC1 Load Cycle Count or Load/Unload Cycle Count (Fujitsu)
Lower
Count of load/unload cycles into head landing zone position.[19] The typical lifetime rating for laptop (2.5-in) hard drives is 300,000 to 600,000 load cycles.[20] Some laptop drives are programmed to unload the heads whenever there has not been any activity for about five seconds.[21] Many Linux installations write to the file system a few times a minute in the background.[22] As a result, there may be 100 or more load cycles per hour, and the load cycle rating may be exceeded in less than a year.[23]
194 0xC2 Temperature resp. Temperature Celsius
Lower
Current internal temperature.
195 0xC3 Hardware ECC Recovered N/A (Vendor specific raw value.) The raw value has different structure for different vendors and is often not meaningful as a decimal number.
196 0xC4 Reallocation Event Count
Lower
Count of remap operations. The raw value of this attribute shows the total count of attempts to transfer data from reallocated sectors to a spare area. Both successful & unsuccessful attempts are counted.[24]
197 0xC5 Current Pending Sector Count
Lower
Count of "unstable" sectors (waiting to be remapped, because of read errors). If an unstable sector is subsequently read successfully, this value is decreased and the sector is not remapped. Read errors on a sector will not remap the sector (since it might be readable later); instead, the drive firmware remembers that the sector needs to be remapped, and remaps it the next time it's written.[25]
198 0xC6 Uncorrectable Sector Count or Offline Uncorrectable or
Off-Line Scan Uncorrectable Sector Count[19]
Lower
The total count of uncorrectable errors when reading/writing a sector. A rise in the value of this attribute indicates defects of the disk surface and/or problems in the mechanical subsystem.
199 0xC7 UltraDMA CRC Error Count
Lower
The count of errors in data transfer via the interface cable as determined by ICRC (Interface Cyclic Redundancy Check).
200 0xC8 Multi-Zone Error Rate [26]
Lower
The count of errors found when writing a sector. The higher the value, the worse the disk's mechanical condition is.
200 0xC8 Write Error Rate (Fujitsu)
Lower
The total count of errors when writing a sector.[27]
201 0xC9 Soft Read Error Rate or TA Counter Detected
Lower
Count of off-track errors.
202 0xCA Data Address Mark errors or TA Counter Increased
Lower
Count of Data Address Mark errors (or vendor-specific).[citation needed]
203 0xCB Run Out Cancel
Lower
Count of ECC errors
204 0xCC Soft ECC Correction
Lower
Count of errors corrected by software ECC[citation needed]
205 0xCD Thermal Asperity Rate (TAR)
Lower
Count of errors due to high temperature.[17]
206 0xCE Flying Height
Height of heads above the disk surface. A flying height that's too low increases the chances of a head crash while a flying height that's too high increases the chances of a read/write error.[citation needed]
207 0xCF Spin High Current
Lower
Amount of surge current used to spin up the drive.[17]
208 0xD0 Spin Buzz
Count of buzz routines needed to spin up the drive due to insufficient power.[17]
209 0xD1 Offline Seek Performance
Drive’s seek performance during its internal tests.[17]
210 0xD2  ?
(found in a Maxtor 6B200M0 200GB and Maxtor 2R015H1 15GB disks)
211 0xD3 Vibration During Write
Vibration During Write[citation needed]
212 0xD4 Shock During Write
Shock During Write[citation needed]
220 0xDC Disk Shift
Lower
Distance the disk has shifted relative to the spindle (usually due to shock or temperature). Unit of measure is unknown.
221 0xDD G-Sense Error Rate
Lower
The count of errors resulting from externally-induced shock & vibration.
222 0xDE Loaded Hours
Time spent operating under data load (movement of magnetic head armature)[citation needed]
223 0xDF Load/Unload Retry Count
Count of times head changes position.[citation needed]
224 0xE0 Load Friction
Lower
Resistance caused by friction in mechanical parts while operating.[citation needed]
225 0xE1 Load/Unload Cycle Count
Lower
Total count of load cycles[citation needed]
226 0xE2 Load 'In'-time
Total time of loading on the magnetic heads actuator (time not spent in parking area).[citation needed]
227 0xE3 Torque Amplification Count
Lower
Count of attempts to compensate for platter speed variations[citation needed]
228 0xE4 Power-Off Retract Cycle
Lower
The count of times the magnetic armature was retracted automatically as a result of cutting power.[citation needed]
230 0xE6 GMR Head Amplitude
Amplitude of "thrashing" (distance of repetitive forward/reverse head motion)[citation needed]
231 0xE7 Temperature
Lower
Drive Temperature
232 0xE8 Endurance Remaining
Number of physical erase cycles completed on the drive as a percentage of the maximum physical erase cycles the drive is designed to endure
232 0xE8 Available Reserved Space
Intel SSD reports the number of available reserved space as a percentage of reserved space in a brand new SSD.
233 0xE9 Power-On Hours
Number of hours elapsed in the power-on state.
233 0xE9 Media Wearout Indicator
Intel SSD reports a normalized value of 100 (when the SSD is new) and declines to a minimum value of 1. It decreases while the NAND erase cycles increase from 0 to the maximum-rated cycles.
240 0xF0 Head Flying Hours
Time while head is positioning[citation needed]
240 0xF0 Transfer Error Rate (Fujitsu)
Count of times the link is reset during a data transfer.[28]
241 0xF1 Total LBAs Written
Total count of LBAs written
242 0xF2 Total LBAs Read
Total count of LBAs read.
Some S.M.A.R.T. utilities will report a negative number for the raw value since in reality it has 48 bits rather than 32.
250 0xFA Read Error Retry Rate
Lower
Count of errors while reading from a disk
254 0xFE Free Fall Protection
Lower
Count of "Free Fall Events" detected [29]

[edit] Threshold Exceeds Condition

Threshold Exceeds Condition (TEC) is an estimated date when a critical drive statistic attribute will reach its threshold value. When Drive Health software reports a "Nearest T.E.C.", it should be regarded as a "Failure date". Sometimes, no date is given and the drive can be expected to work without errors.[30]
To predict the date, the drive tracks the rate at which the attribute changes. Note that TEC dates are only estimates; hard drives can and do fail much sooner or much later than the TEC date.[31]

[edit] Self-tests

SMART drives may offer a number of self-tests:[32][33][34]
Short 
Checks the electrical and mechanical performance as well as the read performance of the disk. Electrical tests might include a test of buffer RAM, a read/write circuitry test, or a test of the read/write head elements. Mechanical test includes seeking and servo on data tracks. Scans small parts of the drive's surface (area is vendor-specific and there is a time limit on the test). Checks the list of Pending sectors that may have read errors. (Usually under two minutes.)
Long / Extended 
A longer and more thorough version of the short self-test, scans the entire disk surface, with no time limit. (Tens of minutes, >1 GB per minute for modern drives.)
Conveyance 
Intended as a quick test to identify damage incurred during transporting of the device from the drive manufacturer to the computer manufacturer.[35] Only available on ATA drives. (Several minutes.)
Selective 
Some drives allow selective self-tests of just a part of the surface.[36]
The self-test logs for SCSI and ATA drives are slightly different. It is possible for the long test to pass even if the short test fails.[37]

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